The Physical Internet

The internet moves bits in small packets, on demand, to any address. The Physical Internet® moves atoms the same way — solar-powered, on demand, 500 kg at a time.

78 Wh vs 1,032 Wh

JPods per passenger-mile vs personal car per passenger-mile

Three Layers

The internet has three layers. The Physical Internet® has the same three — moving mass instead of data.

🛰

Heavy Lift

Internet: Satellite & Fiber

Airlines. Freight railroads (476 ton-miles per gallon). Tube networks. Long distance, high volume, point-to-point. The backbone.

Middle Mile

Internet: WiFi

JPods. Glydways. Solar-powered guideways above the streets. Station to station, neighborhood to neighborhood. 500 kg pods on demand. This is where the Physical Internet® is built.

🚶

Last Mile

Internet: Bluetooth

Walking. Bikes. Scooters. Uber. Golf carts. Proximity itself. When Middle Mile stations are close enough, the last mile disappears. 7 minutes by bike, 15 minutes walking.

The internet won because it routes small packets dynamically instead of dedicating circuits. Highways are circuit-switched — you dedicate a 2-ton vehicle to every trip. The Physical Internet® is packet-switched — 500 kg pods routed on demand. About 1 mile of JPods guideways per 14 miles of roads.

Transportation Drives Energy

Every transportation revolution triggered an energy revolution. The infrastructure that moves people and goods determines what energy system the economy runs on.

Water
Waterwheels
Sailing
Windmills
Railroads
Coal
Highways
Oil
Guideways
Solar

The Pattern

Railroads in the 1860s adapted engines to burn coal and oil, then used reduced transport costs to distribute those fuels to new markets. The railroad didn't just use coal — it created the coal economy. Highways didn't just use oil — they created the oil economy. Guideways with integrated solar collection don't just use solar — they create a distributed solar economy.

The Catalyst

In 1935, the wind industry was building 80,000 windmills a year. 50% of U.S. electricity came from renewables. The Rural Electrification Act of 1936 wiped it out in favor of centralized coal. The highway system locked in oil. Change the transportation infrastructure and you change the energy system. That is the catalyst.

Solar on Guideways

JPods guideways aren't just transit infrastructure — they are distributed solar power plants. The guideway structure carries solar collectors that produce far more energy than the pods consume.

5.79
MWh / mile / day
74,000
Vehicle-miles powered
per mile of guideway
50,000
Vehicle-km powered
per km (Plantronics proof)
ModeWh / Passenger-Mile
JPods78
Commuter Rail881
Personal Car1,032
Bus1,245

I'd put my money on the sun and solar energy. What a source of power! I hope we don't have to wait until oil and coal run out before we tackle that.

— Thomas Edison, 1931

Net Energy Producer

A mile of JPods guideway with 4-meter-wide solar collectors generates 5.79 MWh per day. The pods traveling on it consume a fraction of that. The surplus powers the surrounding neighborhood. The transportation network becomes the energy network. The 5X5 Standard: 5x the energy consumed, 5x the value of the land occupied.

Plantronics Proof

Plantronics headquarters in Santa Cruz, CA: a 240-meter, 10-meter-wide solar array produces 367,410 kWh annually — 4.19 MWh per day per kilometer. At 38.5 Wh per vehicle-kilometer, that powers 50,000 vehicle-km per km of guideway daily. This is not theory. It is measured.

The Net Energy Crisis

Economies collapse when Net Energy ratios fall below 5:1. Oil has crossed that threshold. Solar hasn't. The transition is not optional — it is geological.

Wind
25:1
Solar
22:1
Oil (1970)
25:1
Oil (2020)
<5:1

Peak Fracking (June 2025)

The EIA reported U.S. peak fracking has arrived. Shale core exhaustion is mainstream. U.S. production expected down 20-30% within five years. Oil prices in the late 2020s will increase significantly. U.S. production will fall rapidly 2030-2050. Normal retooling requires ~100 years. We have 5.

Solar Cost Collapse

Global solar PV cost fell 90% between 2010 and 2023. From $0.460/kWh to $0.044/kWh. Solar is now 56% cheaper than the lowest-cost fossil fuel. In 2010, solar was 4x more expensive. The economics have flipped. The infrastructure hasn't caught up.

We are like tenants of a coal mine. We live in an age of waste. Some day people will look back at this age and wonder how people could so foolishly burn it or use it for the manufacture of gas. Sunshine is a form of energy, and the winds and tides are manifestations of energy. Do we use them? Oh, no; we burn up wood and coal, as renters burn up the fences around a rented house for fuel.

— Thomas Edison, 1910

Cargo: The Undervalued Half

Cities think about moving people. They don't think about logistics, waste, or proximity. Those blind spots are where the Physical Internet® makes its strongest case.

Inbound: Virtual Inventory

Local retailers sell products they don't stock. Supplier warehouses hold the inventory. JPods delivers pallets to neighborhood stations. Last-mile by cargo bike to the door. The retailer's capital is freed. Inventory turns approach infinity.

The math: Department stores: 40% margin × 4 turns. Discount retail: 20% × 8 turns. Amazon: thin × high turns. Virtual inventory: your margin × no limit on turns.

Outbound: Fresh Waste

Waste streamed continuously out of the city, sorted fresh on arrival. Items that go to landfill today because they are too degraded to identify or separate become recoverable when sorted fresh and continuously. Recycling rates rise dramatically when waste isn't rotted, compressed, and mixed in a weekly truck.

Carriers: Natural Allies

UPS, FedEx, DHL, and Amazon spend billions on middle-mile truck routes through traffic. JPods eliminates the most expensive, most congested segment. Carrier dead-heads return at ~1/10th the cost above street level with zero traffic. JPods handles middle-mile. Carriers own the van and the doorstep.

The Fiscal Case to Cities

Reduced parking demand converts low-tax parking lots to high-tax productive land (sales tax + property tax). Reduced vehicle trips extend pavement life and cut lane-mile maintenance costs. Only 1.2% of land in the 35 largest U.S. cities is walkable — yet that 1.2% generates 20% of GDP. More walkable land = more GDP per acre.

MetricTrucksJPods
FuelDieselSolar (net producer)
Middle-mile cost/ton-mileHigh~1/10th
Dead-head returnIn traffic, with driverAbove traffic, no driver
Street congestionAdds to itZero
Delivery modeBatch (weekly/daily)Continuous flow
Efficiency25 ton-mpg (highway)470 ton-mpg (rail equiv.)

The Patents

The intellectual property behind the Physical Internet® — from autonomous solar-powered guideways to distributed data centers powered by transit infrastructure.

US 6,810,817 B1

Solar-Powered Transport Networks

The foundational patent. Robots on grade-separated guideways for autonomous movement. Solar and wind power integrated into the physical structure of the guideway itself.

63/706,637 & 19/356,011

Energy Self-Reliant Guideways

Distributed renewable energy gathering, storage, and application. The guideway as power plant — collaborative energy storage across the network.

63/706,634 & 19/356,062

3-Tiered Cargo Shipments

Integrating just-in-time automated guideways with machine learning, railroad efficiency, and last-mile delivery. Subcontainers that fit pods, delivery vans, and cargo bikes.

63/921,369 & 73259682

Distributed Data Centers

Powering edge computing with guideway solar. Data centers distributed along the network, powered by the transportation infrastructure they serve.

63/706,638 & 19/356,061

Temporary Deployment

Rapid-deployment guideways for disaster response, events, and emergency mobility. Infrastructure that can be stood up and moved.

63/768,958

Border Support & Security

Automated guideway networks for border logistics, security monitoring, and controlled movement along border corridors.

Life Requires Energy

Money is a claim on future energy. An economy that burns more energy to extract energy than it gets back is an economy in decline. The Physical Internet® is the infrastructure that makes the solar economy physically possible.

188×
Cars more wasteful
than freight rail
13×
Cars more wasteful
than JPods
90%
Solar cost decline
2010–2023
$2.76T
Annual U.S.
traffic cost

Americans spend $2.76 trillion a year on traffic. Cars cost $9,282 per vehicle per year. They sit parked 95% of the time. Only 1.2% of land in the 35 largest U.S. cities is walkable — yet that 1.2% generates 20% of GDP. The Physical Internet® converts the 98.8% into productive, walkable, connected land.

Build the Physical Internet

The technology exists. The patents are filed. The economics work. The oil is running out. Start small. Iterate relentlessly.